Change motherboard without reinstall windows XP - bluescreen - 0x0000007b

Using - ultimate boot cd

1. Donwload latest version of UBCD4WIN Here.
2. Create disc of UBCD4WIN and burn it.
3. Restart pc with the cd
4. Choose “Registry Tools >Fix HDC ”
5. Choose “M” for option “Update Massstorage Drivers”.
6. Reboot from hard drive
7. Install new drivers

Using - Hiren boot cd

1. Donwload latest version of Hiren here.
2. Restart pc with the cd
3. Choose mini Win
4. Select wintools
5. Choose “Registry Tools >Fix HDC ”
6. Set target as your c:\windows
7. Choose “M” for option “Update Massstorage Drivers”.
8. Reboot from hard drive
9. Install new drivers

Activate windows xp - winxp Activator

Download here

Force windows update check in command line

%windir%\system32\wuauclt.exe /detectnow

MS-Dos - Internal commands/Batch file commands

Internal commands

All commands are run only after the Enter key is pressed at the end of the line. COMMAND.COM is not case-sensitive, meaning commands can be typed in either case and are all equivalent.

BREAK 

Controls the handling of program interruption with Ctrl+C or Ctrl+Break.

CHCP 

Displays or changes the current system code page.

CHDIR, CD 

Changes the current working directory or displays the current directory.

CLS 

Clears the screen.

COPY 

Copies one file to another (if the destination file already exists, MS-DOS asks whether to replace it). (See also XCOPY, an external command that could also copy directory trees).

CTTY 

Defines the device to use for input and output.

DATE 

Display and set the date of the system.

DEL, ERASE 

Deletes a file. When used on a directory, deletes all files.

DIR 

Lists the files in the specified directory.

ECHO 

Toggles whether text is displayed (ECHO ON) or not (ECHO OFF). Also displays text on the screen (ECHO text).

EXIT 

Exits from COMMAND.COM and returns to the program which launched it.

LFNFOR 

Enables or disables the return of long filenames by the FOR command. (Windows 95/98/Me only).

LOADHIGH, LH 

Loads a program into upper memory (HILOAD in DR DOS).

LOCK 

Enables external programs to perform low-level disk access to a volume. (Windows 95/98/Me only).

MKDIR, MD 

Creates a new directory.

PATH 

Displays or changes the value of the PATH environment variable which controls the places where COMMAND.COM will search for executable files.

PROMPT 

Displays or change the value of the PROMPT environment variable which controls the appearance of the prompt.

REN, RENAME 

Renames a file or directory.

RMDIR, RD 

Removes an empty directory.

SET 

Sets the value of an environment variable ; Without arguments, shows all defined environment variables.

TIME 

Display and set the time of the system.

TRUENAME 

Display the fully expanded physical name of a file, resolving ASSIGN, JOIN and SUBST logical filesystem mappings.

TYPE 

Display the content of a file on the console.

UNLOCK 

Disables low-level disk access. (Windows 95/98/Me only)

VER 

Displays the version of the operating system.

VERIFY 

Enable or disable verification of writing for files.

VOL 

Shows information about a volume.

[edit]Batch file commands

Control structures are mostly used inside batch files, although they can also be used interactively.

:label 

Defines a target for GOTO.

CALL 

Executes another batch file and returns to the old one and continues.

FOR 

Iteration: repeats a command for each out of a specified set of files.

GOTO 

Moves execution to a specified label. Labels are specified at the beginning of a line, with a colon (:likethis).

IF 

Conditional statement, allows to branch the program execution.

PAUSE 

Halts execution of the program and displays a message asking the user to press any key to continue.

REM 

comment: any text following this command is ignored.

SHIFT 

Replaces each of the command-line variables with the subsequent one (e.g. %0 with %1, %1 with %2 etc.).

Ms-Dos parameters/arguments - Batch files

In addition, expansion of batch script argument references (%0, %1, etc.) have been changed as follows:

%* in a batch script refers to all the arguments (e.g. %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 ...)

Substitution of batch parameters (%n) has been enhanced. You can now use the below optional syntax:

%~1	-	expands %1 removing any surrounding quotes (")
%~f1	-	expands %1 to a fully qualified path name
%~d1	-	expands %1 to a drive letter only
%~p1	-	expands %1 to a path only
%~n1	-	expands %1 to a file name only
%~x1	-	expands %1 to a file extension only
%~s1	-	expanded path contains short names only
%~a1	-	expands %1 to file attributes
%~t1	-	expands %1 to date/time of file
%~z1	-	expands %1 to size of file
%~$PATH:1	-	searches the directories listed in the PATH environment variable and expands %1 to the fully qualified name of the first one found. If the environment variable name is not defined or the file is not found by the search, then this modifier expands to the empty string

The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:

%~dp1	-	expands %1 to a drive letter and path only
%~nx1	-	expands %1 to a file name and extension only
%~dp$PATH:1	-	searches the directories listed in the PATH environment variable for %1 and expands to the drive letter and path of the first one found.
%~ftza1	-	expands %1 to a DIR-like output line

In the above examples, %1 and PATH can be replaced by other valid values. The %~ syntax is terminated by a valid argument number. The %~ modifiers may not be used with %*

How to read windows dump file

Install .net framework 4.5
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/5a4x27ek.aspx

Install Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 8
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/windows/hardware/hh852363


Details:

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/315263/en-us?wa=wsignin1.0

symbol search path > http://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols

image source path > z:

my z: is the windows folder of a windows 2003 server installation because my dump is from windows 2003 server.

Placeholder	Explanation
SymbolPath	Either the local path where the symbol files have been downloaded or the symbol server path, including a cache folder. Because a small memory dump file contains limited information, the actual binary files must be loaded together with the symbols for the dump file to be correctly read.
ImagePath	The path of these files. The files are contained in the I386 folder on the Windows XP CD-ROM. For example, the path may be C:\Windows\I386.
DumpFilePath	The path and file name for the dump file that you are examining.

Using command-line

• Go to C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.0\Debuggers\x86 directory (in 32bits machine)

Example

• C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.0\Debuggers\x86> kd -y srv*c:\symbols*http://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols -i z:\ -z E:\my_dump_files\MEMORY.DMP

After the first info you can go deep writing:

• !analyze -v

To exit

• q

Using win app:

Start > all programs > windows kits > debugging tools for windows > windbg

File > symbol search path > http://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols
File  > image source path > z:

click !analyze -v for deep analysis

Linux change the speed and duplex settings of an Ethernet card

Task: Get speed and other information for eth0

# ethtool eth0

Output:

Settings for eth0:    
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]   
Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full    
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes      
Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full     
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes      
Speed: 100Mb/s      
Duplex: Full      
Port: MII      
PHYAD: 32      
Transceiver: internal      
Auto-negotiation: on      
Supports Wake-on: pumbg      
Wake-on: d      
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)      
Link detected: yes  

Task: Change the speed and duplex settings

Setup eth0 negotiated speed with ethtool# ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full
# ethtool -s eth0 speed 10 duplex halfTo make these settings permanent you need to create a shell script and call from /etc/rc.local(Red Hat) or if you are using Debian create a script into the directory /etc/init.d/ directory and run update-rc.d command to update the script. 

RAID 10 Vs RAID 01 (RAID 1+0 Vs RAID 0+1)

RAID 10 is not the same as RAID 01.

This article explains the difference between the two with a simple diagram.

I’m going to keep this explanation very simple for you to understand the basic concepts well. In the following diagrams A, B, C, D, E and F represents blocks.

RAID 10

• RAID 10 is also called as RAID 1+0
• It is also called as “stripe of mirrors”
• It requires minimum of 4 disks
• To understand this better, group the disks in pair of two (for mirror). For example, if you have a total of 6 disks in RAID 10, there will be three groups–Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 as shown in the above diagram.
• Within the group, the data is mirrored. In the above example, Disk 1 and Disk 2 belongs to Group 1. The data on Disk 1 will be exactly same as the data on Disk 2. So, block A written on Disk 1 will be mirroed on Disk 2. Block B written on Disk 3 will be mirrored on Disk 4.
• Across the group, the data is striped. i.e Block A is written to Group 1, Block B is written to Group 2, Block C is written to Group 3.
• This is why it is called “stripe of mirrors”. i.e the disks within the group are mirrored. But, the groups themselves are striped.

RAID 01

• RAID 01 is also called as RAID 0+1
• It is also called as “mirror of stripes”
• It requires minimum of 3 disks. But in most cases this will be implemented as minimum of 4 disks.
• To understand this better, create two groups. For example, if you have total of 6 disks, create two groups with 3 disks each as shown below. In the above example, Group 1 has 3 disks and Group 2 has 3 disks.
• Within the group, the data is striped. i.e In the Group 1 which contains three disks, the 1st block will be written to 1st disk, 2nd block to 2nd disk, and the 3rd block to 3rd disk. So, block A is written to Disk 1, block B to Disk 2, block C to Disk 3.
• Across the group, the data is mirrored. i.e The Group 1 and Group 2 will look exactly the same. i.e Disk 1 is mirrored to Disk 4, Disk 2 to Disk 5, Disk 3 to Disk 6.
• This is why it is called “mirror of stripes”. i.e the disks within the groups are striped. But, the groups are mirrored.

Main difference between RAID 10 vs RAID 01

• Performance on both RAID 10 and RAID 01 will be the same.
• The storage capacity on these will be the same.
• The main difference is the fault tolerance level. On most implememntations of RAID controllers, RAID 01 fault tolerance is less. On RAID 01, since we have only two groups of RAID 0, if two drives (one in each group) fails, the entire RAID 01 will fail. In the above RAID 01 diagram, if Disk 1 and Disk 4 fails, both the groups will be down. So, the whole RAID 01 will fail.
• RAID 10 fault tolerance is more. On RAID 10, since there are many groups (as the individual group is only two disks), even if three disks fails (one in each group), the RAID 10 is still functional. In the above RAID 10 example, even if Disk 1, Disk 3, Disk 5 fails, the RAID 10 will still be functional.
• So, given a choice between RAID 10 and RAID 01, always choose RAID 10.

Notes:

- ‘f’ is the failure probability of one single disk.
- Gx is the name of the groups
- Dx is the name of the disks

RAID 10 :
For loosing your file, you need to loose G1 OR G2 OR G3. To loose G1, you need to loose D1 AND D2, to loose G2 you need to loose D3 AND D4 and to loose G3 you need to loose D5 AND D6.
=> probability of loosing your file : (f*f)+(f*f)+(f*f) = f²+f²+f² = 3f²

RAID 01 :
For loosing your file, you need to loose G1 AND G2. To loose G1 you need to loose D1 OR D2 OR D3, and to loose G2 you need to loose D4 OR D5 OR D6.
=> probability of loosing your file : (f+f+f)*(f+f+f)=3f*3f=9f²

In this particular case (6 blocks, 6 disks), you have 3 times more chances to loose your file on RAID01 than on RAID10.

More basically, you can think like that :
- on RAID 10, if one disk fails, when the second failure appears, I have 1 possibility between 5 that this makes my entire system fail (the other disk in the group)
- on RAID 01, if one disk fails, when the second failure appears, I have 3 possibilities between 5 that this makes my entire system fail (any disk in the other group)

Example for 2 drives failure:

Drive R 0+1 R 1+0

1,2 Up Down
1,3 Up Up
1,4 Down Up
1,5 Down Up
1,6 Down Up
2,3 Up Up
2,4 Down Up
2,5 Down Up
2,6 Down Up
3,4 Down Down
3,5 Down Up
3,6 Down Up
4,5 Up Up
4,6 Up Up
5,6 Up Down


Some performance tests:
http://www.zdnet.com/blog/ou/comprehensive-raid-performance-report/484

How do you transfer or export SQL Server 2005 data to Excel

Option 1:

1. Right-click the database in SQL Management Studio
2. Go to Tasks and then Export data, you'll then see an easy to use wizard.
3. Your database will be the source, you can enter your SQL query
4. Choose Excel as the target
5. Run it at end of wizard

If you wanted, you could save the SSIS package as well (there's an option at the end of the wizard) so that you can do it on a schedule or something (and even open and modify to add more functionality if needed).

Option 2:

1. Select menu item Query > Query Options.
2. Set check box in Results > Grid > Include column headers when copying or saving the results.

After that, when you Select All and Copy the query results, you can paste them to Excel, and the column headers will be present.

Option3:

1. Open Excel Data>Import/Export Data>Import Data Next to file name
2. Click "New Source" Button On Welcome to the Data Connection Wizard,
3. Choose Microsoft SQL Server. Click Next.
4. Enter Server Name and Credentials.
5. From the drop down box, choose whichever database holds the table you need.
6. Select your table then Next.....
7. Enter a Description if you'd like and click Finish.

When your done and back in Excel, just click "OK" Easy.

Linux change the speed and duplex settings of an Ethernet card

Task: Get speed and other information for eth0

Type following command:
# ethtool eth0Output:

Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes 
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes 
Speed: 100Mb/s 
Duplex: Full 
Port: MII 
PHYAD: 32 
Transceiver: internal 
Auto-negotiation: on 
Supports Wake-on: pumbg 
Wake-on: d 
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) 
Link detected: yes

Task: Change the speed and duplex settings

Setup eth0 negotiated speed with ethtool# ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full
# ethtool -s eth0 speed 10 duplex halfTo make these settings permanent you need to create a shell script and call from /etc/rc.local(Red Hat) or if you are using Debian create a script into the directory /etc/init.d/ directory and run update-rc.d command to update the script.

Read man page of ethtool for more information.

LDAP test connection

LDAP should be on port 389
Use LDAP browser tool to test connections
http://www.ldapadministrator.com/download.htm
It’s free and works well

How can I move my database files in SQL Server?

• Start SQL Server Management Studio
• Expand the server instance, expand Databases
• Right-click the database you want to move, and choose "Properties"
• In the Properties window, choose "Files" and write down the current file paths. Click "Cancel"
• Right-click the database again, and choose "Tasks - Detach..."
• Click "OK" in the next window
• Use Windows Explorer to move the data and log files (.mdf and .ldf) to the new location
• Right-click Databases, and choose "Attach..."
• In the "Attach databases" window, click "Add"
• In the "Locate database files" window, browse to the new location and select the .mdf file. Click "OK"
• In the details pane, verify that the new location is listed for both the .mdf and the .ldf file. Click "OK"
• In SQL Server Management Studio, choose "View - Refresh" and verify that your database is listed again under Databases

Search and remove files - UniX (find) - Getting error: argument list too long

Q. How do I find and delete files under Linux / UNIX operating systems when I get "argument list too long"?

A. Some time it is necessary to find out files and remove them. However, rm command does not support search criteria.

However, with find command you can search for files in a directory and remove them on fly.

You need to combine find and rm command together.

Fortunately find command makes this operation quite easy. You can use find command as follows:

Linux or UNIX - Find and remove file syntax

To remove multiple files such as *.jpg or *.sh with one command find, use

find . -name "FILE-TO-FIND"-exec rm -rf {} \;

OR

find . -type f -name "FILE-TO-FIND" -exec rm -f {} \;

The only difference between above two syntax is that first command can remove directories as well where second command only removes files.

More Examples of find command

(a) Find all files having .bak (*.bak) extension in current directory and remove them:
$ find . -type f -name "*.bak" -exec rm -f {} \;

(b) Find all core files and remove them:
# find / -name core -exec rm -f {} \;

(c) Find all *.bak files in current directory and removes them with confirmation from user:
$ find . -type f -name "*.bak" -exec rm -i {} \;

Output:

rm: remove regular empty file `./data0002.bak'? y
rm: remove regular empty file `./d234234234fsdf.bak'? y
rm: remove regular empty file `./backup-20-10-2005.bak'? n

Caution: Before removing file makes sure, you have backup of all-important files. 

Do not use rm command as root user it can do critical damage to Linux/Unix system.

Command to Compress/Uncompress tar.gz and tar.bz2 files

Compress folder Test/ to Test.tar.gz

tar czfv Test.tar.gz Test/
czfv = ‘Compress Zip File Verbose’
If you want bzip files, use ‘j’ instead of ‘z’.

Uncompress Test.tar.gz to folder Test/

tar -xzf Test.tar.gz
x = ‘eXtract’
Again, if you want bzip files, use ‘j’ instead of ‘z’.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_(file_format)

How can I change or add OEM logo and information on my computer?

By default, the General tab (right-click My Computer, or double-click System in Control Panel) contains information on the Windows version, processor, memory, registered user and registration identity

Optional items include the manufacturer and model, a small picture, and a button leading to a separate page of support information.

The information is not held in the registry, but in an old-style .INI file, which can be created in any plain-text editor including Windows Notepad.

This file can have two sections:

The first section, has a section header called [General], and within that section - two entries:

Manufacturer=
Model=
The second section, headed [Support Information], is optional, but if present adds a button with that label to the page. The entries after that heading should be in the form:
Line1=
Line2=
Line3=
and so on. The limit on the number and length of lines seems limited only by the 64 KB general limit on .INI files.
The file should be saved in the %systemroot%\system folder (for Windows 98/ME computers) or in %systemroot%\system32 folder (for W2K/XP/2003 computers) as OEMINFO.INI.
The picture is a 256-colour-Windows bitmap (.BMP) file.
Microsoft states that the size should be 96 pixels square when using small fonts in Display Property settings, or 120 square with large fonts.
The file should be saved in the %systemroot%\system folder (for Windows 98/ME computers) or in %systemroot%\system32 folder (for W2K/XP/2003 computers) as OEMLOGO.BMP.
No other entry in the .INI file is required, but the latter must exist and have a populated [General] section for the bitmap to be visible in Display Properties.
No reboot is necessary in order for the hack to take place. Press the ÿ +BREAK keys and see for yourself.

For example, using this OEMINFO.INI file:

[General]

Manufacturer=Self made Computer

Model=Zelda K12

[Support Information]

Line1=Visit my home page at

Line2=

Line3=http://www.errorsolutions.blogspot.com

Line4=

Line5=For hundreds of tips, tricks, knowledge base articles and much more!

Line6=

Line7=You can also contact me by using the following e-mail address:

Line8=

Line9=errorsolutions.blogspot@gmail.com

Dual boot with Vista/Win7 installed

Problemas em Criar uma Dual Boot com o Windows Vista Instalado.

Com Windows Vista instalado primeiro

Se formatou completamente o disco rígido e removeu o Windows XP quando instalou o Vista, o procedimento para o dual boot será um pouco mais complicado. Siga estes passos:

1 - Execute o boot pelo CD de instalação do Windows XP e instale-o em uma partição ou disco rígido diferente diferente de onde o Vista está. Quando a instalação tiver terminado, o computador irá iniciar o Windows XP por padrão. Mas não se preocupe, o Windows Vista ainda está em seu computador (se você o instalou em uma partição ou HD diferente).

2 - Quando você instalou o XP, o Vista Boot Manager foi substituído pelos componentes de boot do Windows XP. O Vista Boot Manager precisa ser corrigido usando o DVD de instalação do Windows Vista. Execute o boot pelo DVD do Vista, clique em Next nas opções regionais e clique em Reparar seu computador no canto inferior esquerdo da janela. Selecione sua instalação do Windows Vista e escolha o Startup Repair. Isto irá corrigir o Windows Boot Manager e o Windows Vista será iniciado por padrão.

3 - Agora precisamos adicionar uma entrada ao Windows Boot Manager para o Windows XP. Isto é feito dentro do Windows Vista. Abra o prompt de comando como Administrador e execute os comandos abaixo:
bcdedit /create {ntldr} /d "Windows XP"
bcdedit /set {ntldr} device boot
bcdedit /set {ntldr} path \ntldr
bcdedit /displayorder {ntldr} /addlast
4 - Reinicie seu PC e teste seu menu de boot.

Com isso, o dual boot foi configurado em seu computador.

How I change the default start path for cmd.exe in Windows 7

Just for your user:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Command Processor

Add String Value: "Autorun"

Vaue example: CD /d %systemroot%\system32

For all users:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ Software \ Microsoft \ Command Processor

Send to Location in Windows 7 (sendto)

Click start > type "shell:sendto" > enter (without the quotes)

Here it is....